40 machines, opened up
Full guide ↗Made by @elvar_official

Visual Learning

Everyday machines drawn in code and opened up. Press the steps and watch the parts inside do the work, or switch to Auto and let it run. Every number on screen comes from the same formulas that move the parts.

DJI drone
Fig. 29
DJI drone

Two props spin one way, two the other. That is the whole trick.

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DJI Neo
Fig. 36
DJI Neo

A 135 g drone that lifts off your palm and measures the gap under it.

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Vision Pro
Fig. 28
Vision Pro

23 million pixels on two screens the size of a postage stamp.

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Rolex Submariner
Fig. 38
Rolex Submariner

Screwed shut for 300 m, wound by your wrist, ticking 8 times a second.

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Meta Ray-Ban Display
Fig. 37
Meta Ray-Ban Display

A screen hidden in the lens, and a band that reads your wrist muscles.

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iPad Pro
Fig. 41
iPad Pro

5.1 mm thin, with two OLED layers lighting every pixel.

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NVIDIA DGX Spark
Fig. 25
NVIDIA DGX Spark

A box the size of a sandwich that runs a 200-billion-parameter AI.

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Spot robot dog
Fig. 30
Spot robot dog

12 motors, 5 pairs of eyes, and it gets back up when it falls.

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Robot vacuum with an arm
Fig. 40
Robot vacuum with an arm

It spots a sock, unfolds an arm from its lid and drops the sock in the basket.

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Atlas robot
Fig. 35
Atlas robot

It turns its waist all the way round and gets up in ways no person can.

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Combination lock
Fig. 39
Combination lock

Three wheels pick each other up. That is why it goes right, left, right.

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Starlink dish
Fig. 33
Starlink dish

The dish never turns. The beam does, from satellite to satellite.

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Nintendo Switch 2
Fig. 32
Nintendo Switch 2

The controllers snap on with magnets, then slide off and work as a mouse.

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F1 steering wheel
Fig. 34
F1 steering wheel

Paddles, DRS, a pit limiter and a quick release, in about 1.3 kg of carbon.

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PlayStation controller
Fig. 24
PlayStation controller

The trigger pushes back: a tiny motor fights your finger.

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iPhone
Fig. 20
iPhone

A camera on magnets, 30,000 dots and 19 billion switches in 8 mm.

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MacBook
Fig. 21
MacBook

Your trackpad has never clicked. And there is no fan inside.

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RTX 5090
Fig. 27
RTX 5090

92 billion transistors, and the air goes straight through the card.

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Mac mini
Fig. 26
Mac mini

The power button is on the bottom. Here is everything else inside.

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Apple Watch
Fig. 23
Apple Watch

It reads your pulse with green light flashing hundreds of times a second.

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AirPods Pro
Fig. 22
AirPods Pro

They cancel noise by playing more sound, 200 times a second.

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Mechanical watch
Fig. 18
Mechanical watch

A spring let go 8 tiny steps a second, 691,200 ticks a day.

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Rubik's cube
Fig. 15
Rubik's cube

43 quintillion positions, and why it never falls apart.

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Instant camera
Fig. 16
Instant camera

The photo develops outside the camera, in about 12 minutes.

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The atom
Fig. 19
The atom

The ringed atom is from 1913. Here is what physics says now.

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Lava lamp
Fig. 17
Lava lamp

Wax that is heavy when cold and light when warm, and one 25 W bulb.

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Claw machine
Fig. 02
Claw machine

Why the bunny slips 17 times, and who decides the 18th.

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Microwave
Fig. 07
Microwave

Measure the speed of light with a chocolate bar.

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Espresso machine
Fig. 01
Espresso machine

Where 9 bar comes from, and why a spring is enough to make it.

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Car engine
Fig. 03
Car engine

Four strokes, one spark, 1,600 small bangs a minute at idle.

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Vending machine
Fig. 04
Vending machine

Why the snack hangs, and how the machine knows it never fell.

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Washing machine
Fig. 05
Washing machine

What 1,400 rpm does to wet socks, and why there's concrete inside.

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Toaster
Fig. 06
Toaster

Why bread sits at 100 °C before it starts to brown.

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Pencil sharpener
Fig. 08
Pencil sharpener

Two cutters orbit the pencil like planets around a sun.

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Smoke alarm
Fig. 09
Smoke alarm

A light and a sensor that are never allowed to see each other.

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Fridge
Fig. 10
Fridge

It doesn't make cold. It carries heat out the back.

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Capsule toy machine
Fig. 11
Capsule toy machine

6 designs, and how many turns it takes to own all of them.

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Photo booth
Fig. 12
Photo booth

No ink inside: tiny heaters turn dye into gas.

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Roller coaster
Fig. 13
Roller coaster

No engine on the train: one 60 m climb pays for the whole ride.

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Elevator
Fig. 14
Elevator

Why the motor lifts only 40 kg, and what happens if the ropes go.

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